Channel leadership and recycling channel in closed-loop supply chain: The case of recycling price by the recycling party

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>Due to the fast growing of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), business values closed-loop supply chains (CLSCs) have been well recognized. In this paper, we investigate performance CLSCs under different combinations recycling channel leadership when price is determined by party. Specially, consider a CLSC consisting two members, i.e., manufacturer retailer. Each member acting as leader has three channels collect used products, they are (ⅰ) (M-channel), (ⅱ) retailer (R-channel) (ⅲ) third-party (T-channel). Given party determines price, mathematical models developed channel. Through comparison analysis, find that M-channel most effective Moreover, once be adopted, retailer-led structure good manufacture-led structure. We could more important than in CLSC. Finally, illustrate can coordinated two-part tariff contract.</p>